Fundamentals · 2026-09-09S&P 500ANNUAL BASIS

Southern Company

SO stock analysis · Utilities · Electric Utilities

FY 2025-12-31ANNUAL FILINGS
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ⓘ These are research estimates based on annual filings. Valuation uses a cash-flow proxy and explicit assumptions; prices are not live. Published valuations use annual periods first filed by the price date, with later restatements retained.
Reference share price · USD
$95.71HISTORICAL SNAPSHOT

As of · fund-implied per-share value

Fund holding value ÷ shares held. Not a live quote; not adjusted for later stock splits.

View SEC fund filing ↗
Estimated issuer market cap
$107.9B

Price × SEC outstanding shares. Shares measured 2026-03-31. Approximate; share and price dates can differ.

View share-count filing ↗
Valuation

DCF value

— Requires positive annual FCF, usable shares and discount rate above terminal growth.

Requires positive annual FCF, usable shares and discount rate above terminal growth.

How this is calculated ↗
Valuation

Reverse DCF

— No solution in −50% to +100% growth, or nonpositive FCF / invalid assumptions.

No solution in −50% to +100% growth, or nonpositive FCF / invalid assumptions.

How this is calculated ↗
Valuation

Relative valuation

-6.5%

14 industry peers · median 23.2×

How this is calculated ↗
Valuation

Historical multiples

22.7×

7 annual observations · snapshot P/E 24.9× · 9.6% versus history

How this is calculated ↗
Valuation

Free cash flow yield

-2.7%

Annual basis · read assumptions below

How this is calculated ↗
Quality

ROIC / quality

5.5%

Normalized tax · financing-capital proxy

How this is calculated ↗
Valuation

Value composite

34/100

Annual basis · read assumptions below

How this is calculated ↗
Momentum

12–1 price momentum

— Split and corporate-action verification is incomplete for these fund observations. Verified adjusted endpoints are required for 12–1 momentum.

Split and corporate-action verification is incomplete for these fund observations. Verified adjusted endpoints are required for 12–1 momentum.

How this is calculated ↗
Investment

Asset growth

7.3%

Annual basis · read assumptions below

How this is calculated ↗
Investment

Net payout yield

— Requires reported dividends, repurchases and issuance; missing values are not zero.

Requires reported dividends, repurchases and issuance; missing values are not zero.

How this is calculated ↗
Quality

Accrual quality

-3.7%

Annual basis · read assumptions below

How this is calculated ↗
Momentum

Fundamental momentum

1.4%

Annual basis · read assumptions below

How this is calculated ↗

Follow the cash

ANNUAL · USD

Operating cash flow and reinvestment over time

USD · bar maximum 12.7B2020-12-31: cfo $6,696,000,000.002020-12-31: capex $7,522,000,000.0020202021-12-31: cfo $6,169,000,000.002021-12-31: capex $7,586,000,000.0020212022-12-31: cfo $6,302,000,000.002022-12-31: capex $7,923,000,000.0020222023-12-31: cfo $7,553,000,000.002023-12-31: capex $9,095,000,000.0020232024-12-31: cfo $9,788,000,000.002024-12-31: capex $8,955,000,000.0020242025-12-31: cfo $9,802,000,000.002025-12-31: capex $12,737,000,000.002025
Operating cash flowCapital expenditure

Annual USD. Negative bars use a compressed lower scale. Hover or inspect the financial history table for exact values.

Make the assumptions yours

Personal inputs stay in this browser. Blank fields retain published inputs. Five-year forecast; zero net borrowing. Required return must exceed terminal growth.

How sensitive is the valuation?

DCF per-share sensitivity · includes reviewed preferred and minority-owner claims · rows: required return · columns: growth
Return / Growth3.0%5.0%7.0%
8.0%———
10.0%———
12.0%———

Annual financial history

Open SEC filings ↗
Fiscal year-endRevenueNet incomeOperating cash flowCapital expenditureAssets
2025-12-3128.9B4.2B9.8B12.7B155.7B
2024-12-3126.8B4.3B9.8B9B145.2B
2023-12-3124.8B3.8B7.6B9.1B139.3B
2022-12-3125.9B3.4B6.3B7.9B134.9B
2021-12-3123.5B2.3B6.2B7.6B127.5B
2020-12-3121.1B3.1B6.7B7.5B122.9B
2019-12-3122.6B4.7B5.8B7.6B118.7B
2018-12-3125.2B2.3B6.9B8B116.9B

USD, abbreviated. Restated annual history; not a point-in-time backtest. Missing values appear as dashes.

Trace the inputs

MODEL ANNUAL PERIOD
InputValueSEC tag / sourceFiled
revenue28.9BRevenueFromContractWithCustomerIncludingAssessedTax2026-02-19
netIncome4.2BProfitLoss
Explicit consolidated amount, including the portion attributable to noncontrolling interests.
2026-02-19
Parent/common earnings proxy4.3BNetIncomeLoss2026-02-19
cfo9.8BNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities2026-02-19
capex12.7BPaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment2026-02-19
operatingIncome7.3BOperatingIncomeLoss2026-02-19
assets155.7BAssets2026-02-19
equity38.9BStockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
Explicit consolidated amount, including the portion attributable to noncontrolling interests.
2026-02-19
Parent book equity proxy36BStockholdersEquity2026-02-19
debt71.9BLongTermDebtAndCapitalLeaseObligationsCurrent + LongTermDebtAndCapitalLeaseObligations2026-02-19
shortDebt722MShortTermBorrowings2026-02-19
cash1.6BCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue2026-02-19
shares1.1BWeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding2026-02-19
dividends3BPaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock2026-02-19
buybacks—Not reported under a supported tag—
issuance1.6BProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock2026-02-19